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Family Ochnaceae
Sasahit
Campylospermum serratum (Gaertn.) Bittrich & M.C.E.Amaral
TOOTHED-LEAF GOMPHIA
Chi ye sai jin lian mu

Scientific names Common names
Campylocercum hohenackeri Tiegh. Minsaray (Mindoro)
Campylocercum metzii Tiegh. Sasahit (Tagalog)
Campylocercum neriifolium (Bartell.) Tiegh. Simahima (Bikol)
Campylocercum pauciflolim Tiegh. Toothed-leaf gomphia (Engl.)
Campylocercum striatum Tiegh.  
Campylocercum zollingeri Tiegh.  
Campylospermum abbreviatum Tiegh.  
Campylospermum angustifolium (Vahl) Tiegh.  
Campylospermum beccarianum (Bartell.) Tiegh.  
Campylospermum borneense (Bartell.) Tiegh.  
Campylospermum cumingii Tiegh.  
Campylospermum kingii Tiegh.  
Campylospermum leschenaultii Tiegh.  
Campylospermum malabaricum (DC.) Tiegh.  
Campylospermum nodosum Tiegh.  
Campylospermum perakense Tiegh.  
Campylospermum plicatum Tiegh.  
Campylospermum retinerve Tiegh.  
Campylospermum rheedei Tiegh.  
Campylospermum serratum (Gaertn.) Bittrich & M.C.E.Amaral  
Campylospermum striatum (Tiegh.) M.C.E.Amaral  
Campylospermum strictum Tiegh.  
Campylospermum sumatranum (Jack) Tiegh.  
Campylospermum thwaitseii Tiegh.  
Campylospermum vahlianum Tiegh.  
Campylospermum walkeri Tiegh.  
Campylospermum wallichianum Tiegh.  
Campylospermum zeylanicum (Lam.) Tiegh.  
Cercinia annamensis Tiegh.  
Cercinia brevis Tiegh.  
Cercinia doumeri Tiegh.  
Cercinia elongata Tiegh.  
Cercinia thorelii Tiegh.  
Cercinia wightii Tiegh.  
Diporidium rufescens (Thwaites) Tiegh.  
Discladium dalzellii Tiegh.  
Discladium gaudicahudii Tiegh.  
Discladium koeigii Tiegh.  
Discladium leschenaultii Tiegh.  
Discladium lucidum (Lam.) Tiegh.  
Discladium microphyllum Tiegh.  
Discladium planchoni Tiegh.  
Euthemis pulcherrima Wall.  
Gomphia angustifolia Vahl  
Gomphia ceylanica Spreng.  
Gomphia malabarica DC.  
Gomphia microphylla Ridl.  
Gomphia oblongifolia Ridl.  
Gomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kanis  
Gomphia striata (Tiegh.) C.F.Wei  
Gomphia sumatrana Jack  
Gomphia zeylanica (Lam.) DC.  
Maesia serrata Gaertn.  
Meesia serrata Gaertn.  
Ochna angustifolia (Vahl) Kuntze  
Ochna crocea Griff.  
Ochna lucida Lam.  
Ochna rufescens Thwaites  
Ochna sumatrana (Jack) Kuntze  
Ochna zeylanica Lam.  
Ouratea angustifolia (Vahl) Baill.  
Ouratea arcta Craib  
Ouratea beccariana Bartell.  
Ouratea borneensis Bartell.  
Ouratea crocea (Griff.) Burkill  
Ouratea hueensis Pierre ex Lecomte  
Ouratea lobopetala Gagnep.  
Ouratea megacarpa Ridgl.  
Ouratea microphylla (Ridl.) Craib  
Ouratea neriifolia Bartell.  
Ouratea serrata (Gaertn.) N.Robson  
Ouratea striata (Tiegh.) Lecomte  
Ouratea sumatrana (Jack) Gilg  
Ouratea thorelii (Tiegh.) Lecomte  
Ouratea zeylanica (Lam.) Alston  
Pleopetalum lucidum (Lam.) Tiegh.  
Walkera serrata (Gaertn.) Forsyth f.  
Walkera zeymonensis DC.  
Gomphia serrata is a synonym of Campylospermum serratum.
Campylospermum serratum is an accepted species. It has 78 synonyms. KEW: Plants of the World Online

Other vernacular names
BORNEO: Chenaga lampong.
CHINA: Chi ye sai jjin lian mu.
CAMBODIA: Kongkea chhmool, Angkie sel, Chiem antong.
INDONESIA: Kayu ndolak, Kayu sepat, Tengkejing kering.
KANNADA: Addane, Kempu kallu, Kempu kunthala.
KHMER: Angkie chhmool, Angkier tchmol, Bampu:eng rueng, Chhiem angtueng.
LAOS: Huan kouang, Hang kuang, Kouang non.
MALAYALAM: Poea-tsjetti, Tsjocatti, Valermani.
MALAYSIA: Kelutan, Magang-magang, Mata ketam batu.
MARATHI: Valermani.
SINHALA: Go kera, Bo kera, Kera.
TAMIL: Katharai, Ramanchi.
THAILAND: Hang kwang phu, Kapito, Thong pling.
VIETNAM: Cay dua bap, Duc dac, Mai canh lom.

Gen info
- Campylospermum serratum is a plant in the family Ochnaceae.
- Etymology: The specific epithet derives from Latin serratum meaning "with teeth", referring to the leaf margin.
- The species was first described as Maesia serrata. In 1994, it was transferred by Volker Bittrich and Maria do Carmo Estanislau do Amaral to Campylospermum.
(3)

Botany
Gomphia serrata is a small or medium-sized tree up to 25 m tall; bole up to 40 cm in diameter, slightly fluted at base; bark surface smooth or flaking into thin pieces, dark grey-brown, inner bark fibrous, pink. Leaves arranged spirally, simple, finely toothed, with 2-3 intramarginal veins; stipules united, early caducous. Flowers in an axillary or terminal panicle, 5-merous; sepals enlarged and persistent in fruit; petals yellow or cream; stamens 10, anthers opening by apical pores; gynophore columnar, ribbed; carpels 5, free but sharing a single style, each with a single ovule. Fruit with 1-2(-5) kidney-shaped drupelets, yellowish-green turning dark purple or blue-black when ripe. (1)

Distribution
- Native to the Philippines.
- Also native to Borneo, Cambodia, Hainan, India, Jawa, Laos, Malaya, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Thailand, Vietnam.
(2)
- In a wide range of forest types, including mixed dipterocarp forest, limestone forest, and peat-swamp forest.

Constituents
- No studies found.

Properties
- Study suggested pancreatic lipase inhibitory and antibacterial properties.

Parts used
Roots, leaves, stems, sap.

Uses

Folkloric

- No reported folkloric medicinal use in the Philippines.
- In India, decoction of bitter roots and leaves used as stomachic and anti-emetic. (1)
- In Cambodia, young branches used for toothache. (1)
- Wood heated over fire yields a blackish sap, which is used in folk medicine to treat gingivitis and other oral complaints. (3)
- In Cambodia, the black sap  from section of trunk over fire used as antiseptic and anti-inflammatory gum. The plant is used for recovery during convalescence, to prevent disease, to help pregnancy and delivery, and to strengthen the body after childbirth. (5)
- In Vietnam, stalks are used to blacken teeth. (3)
- In Laos, decoction of stem drunk for stomach problems.
Others
- Wood: Yields a medium-weight hardwood., hard, strong, moderately durable. Heartwood is dull red-brown or purple-gray brown. Prone to splitting during drying.
- Construction: Wood used for house construction (rafters, poles, planks), boats, pumps, blocks. (1)

- Fuel: Wood splits easy and used as firewood. Also makes a good charcoal.

Studies
Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition:
in a screening of ethanolic extracts of 28 traditional Thai medicinal plants for in-vitro  activities against porcine pancreatic lipase, 9 plants showed >50% inhibitory activity. Two extracts, Gomphia serrata and Azadirachta indica showed >30% inhibition of pancreatic lipase. Inhibition activity was significantly correlated with flavonoid and alkaloid contents. (4)
Antibacterial: in a study of methanol extracts of 191 plants in Malaysia, the bark of Gomphi serrata showed + antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and no activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, E. faecalis, and C. albicans. (6)

Availability
Wild-crafted.

April 2023

                                                 PHOTOS / ILLUSTRATIONS
IMAGE SOURCE: Photograph: Campykisoermum serratum / FarEnd2018 / CC by SA 4.0 / click on image to go to source page / Wikipedia
OTHER IMAGE SOURCE: Photo : Ochnaceae - Campylospermum serratum / Fruits / Copyright © 2012 by  P B Pelser & J F Barcelona (contact: pieter.pelser@canterbury.ac.nz)) [ref. DOL50302] / Non-Commercial Use / click on image to go to source page / Phytoimages.siu.edu
OTHER IMAGE SOURCE: Photo : Ochnaceae - Campylospermum serratum / Flower / Copyright © 2012 by  P B Pelser & J F Barcelona (contact: pieter.pelser@canterbury.ac.nz)) [ref. DOL44216] / Non-Commercial Use / click on image to go to source page / Phytoimages.siu.edu

Additional Sources and Suggested Readings
(1)
Gomphia (PROSEA) / Plant Resources of South-East Asia / Pl@ntUse

(2)
Campylospermum serratum / KEW: Plants of the World Online
(3)
Campylospermum serratum / Wikipedia
(4)
Screening for anti-pancreatic lipase properties of 28 traditional Thai medicinal herbs / Ananya Dechakhamphu, Nattapong Wongchum et al / Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2015; 5(12): pp 1042-1045 / DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.09.012
(5)
Gomphia serrata / Nicolas Savajo0l, Vanny Tuoun, Sam John / Traditional Therapeutic Knowledge of the Bunong People in North-Eastern Cambodia
(6)
Antimicrobial Activities of Malaysian Plant Species / P.Y. Chung, L.Y. Chung, Y.F. Ngeow, S.H. Goh, Z. Imiyabir /  Pharmaceutical Biology, 2004; 42(4-5): pp 292-300 / DOI: 10.1080/13880200490511837

DOI: It is not uncommon for links on studies/sources to change. Copying and pasting the information on the search window or using the DOI (if available) will often redirect to the new link page. (Citing and Using a (DOI) Digital Object Identifier)

                                                            List of Understudied Philippine Medicinal Plants

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